Impact type frost breaker



May 29, 1956 c. E. MARSH 2,747,851

IMPACT TYPE FROST BREAKER Filed Nov. 23, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 1Clarence E Mars/1 INVENTOR.

May 29, 1956 c. E. MARSH IMPACT TYPE FROST BREAKER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2Filed Nov. 23, 1953 I IN V EN TOR.

' Y QM WWW United States Patent IIVIPACT TYPE FROST BREAKER Clarence E.Marsh, Wauwatosa, Wis. Application November 23, 1953, Serial N0. 393,5642 Claims. (Cl. 26214) This invention. relates to a frost breaker andmore specifically provides a device to facilitate the excavation offrozen soil often enc'oiintered in the northern areas and usefulwherever this frozen condition may exist. The device of this inventionmay be used in excavating soil having frost or rock outcropping thereinand the device maybe further useful in breaking concrete or asphaltpaving.

A primary'object of this invention is to provide a frost breaker to beused in conjunction with a machine havthe frost level.

Afurther object of this invention is to provide a frost breaker having aweightedsoil penetrating memberwhere- .inthe weight of the member may bevaried to vary the depth of penetration of the ground penetrating memberwherein the efilciency of the operation and the time c'onsumed by theoperation will remain at an optimum condition.

Yet another important object of this invention is to provide a frostbreaker which is simple in construction,

rugged, inexpensive to manufacture and easily attached 'toexistingmachines having a vertically swingable'boom thereon.

These together with other objects and advantages which will becomesubsequently apparent reside in the details of construction andoperation as more fully herein'after described andclaimed, referencebeing had tothe accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, whereinlike numerals refer to like parts throughout, and in which:

Figure l is a side elevational view showing the frost breaker of thisinvention and the structural relationships of the various elements;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the construction of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the frost breaker tool carrying memberand the soil penetrating member on the bottom thereof;

Figure 4 is a detailed side elevation of the lower end of the toolsupporting member and the soil penetrating member thereon;

Figure 5 is a top plan section taken substantially along section line5-5 of Figure 1 showing the details of construction of the toolsupporting member and the ballast weight therein;

Figure 6 is a transverse, top plan section taken substantially alongsection line 6-6 of Figure 1 showing the details of construction of theupper cable attaching bracket;

Figure 7 is a longitudinal, vertical section taken substantially alongsection line 7-7 of Figure 4 showing 2,747,851 Patented May 29, 1956 2the details or construction of the tool supporting anember and thesoiipenetrating member;

Figure 8 is a perspective detail section showing a solid cylindrical type tool supporting member;

Figure 9 is a perspective detail section showing a solid polygonal typetool supporting member; and

Figure 10 is a detail perspective section showing a polygonal tubulartype tool supporting member.

Referring now specifically to the drawings, it will be seen that thenumeral 10 generally designates the frost breaks: of this inventionmounted upon a conventional excavating machine 12 having the usualpivoting Boom 14 thereon.

The machine '12 generally includes a frame member 16 pivotally mountedon asuitable base 18 having a stationa'ry'ring 'gea'r'20 mountedon theupper surface thereof. The frame '16 is provided with an internalcombustion engine '22 or other suitable power means and the engine 22includes a power sprocket 24 for driving a sprocket Chain 26 whichengages over a pulley 28 rotatably journaled on suitable hearing memberson the frame 16; A bevel gear so-is secured to a shaft 32 which projectsdownwardly through the frame 16 and has a pinion gear 34 in meshingengagement with the ring gear 20'. The pulley 28 transmits the powerthrough a spur gear train to a pair of bevel gears 36 which are inmeshing engagement'with the bevel gear '30 and clutch means 38 areprovided for selective actuation of the bevel gears 36 wherein the bevelgear 30 may be rotated in either d'i-fec'tion thereby 'pivot in-gthetime about the supporting base 18 as desired. The pulley '28 also drivesa spur gear 40 which in turn individually drives sable winches 42 andwhich are journal'ed the same axle and individualclutchme'a areprovidedfor operating the wineries :"42 and 44 individually" ofsimultaneously. 'It will-he seen tuaetheva-tious gears and-drums aremounted htwee'n thestanding merhhers-M on the frame 16 which is bracedby a suitable brace -means 48 all of which is found in theusual'iriachir'iesof'thi's type. Thefor'ward endof 'the'frame- 16' isprovided with a transversely ex tending member 50' having a boomSi-pivoted thereto wherein the boom "52' is' generally triangular withthe base ihio'f h "n'g affair-of pivotaicohuections t0 the transversemom or "50 at transverse remote portions of the frame 1 6.- The. sidemembers of t'he boom 52 arebraeed from each other by suitable crossbracing 54 and the outer one or'tiieside meniBers-oftheeoom 52 areapertii roe-anaspaeed rreni e'aehotherfo'r a purpose describedhereinafter. An upstanding member 56 is positioned at the center of thetransverse member 50 and the upper end of the upstanding member 56 isconnected to the upper end of the upstanding member 46 by a brace member58 wherein a rigid structure is provided and it will be seen a guidepulley 60 is positioned adjacent the upper end of the upstanding member56 and a pair of guide pulleys 62 and 64 are positioned adjacent thelower end of the upstanding member for a purpose described hereinafter.

At the outer end of the boom 52, an elongated tool supporting member orram 66 is pivotally attached between the apertured ends of the boom 52by a pivot pin 68 positioned in an aperture 70 in the tool supportingmember 66. The tool supporting member 66 is generally tubular andincludes a closed lower end portion to the tubular member and a toolattaching portion 72 attached to the lower end thereon. The tubularattaching member 72 is provided with an inwardly extending socket 74 fortelescopically receiving a projection 76 on a soil penetrating cuttingelement 78. The cutting element 78 is held on the tool attachment 72 bya transverse wedge 80 inserted through suitable apertures in the toolattaching member 72 and the projecting portion 76 of the cutting tool78. At the upper end of the tool supporting member or ram 66, a T-shapedmember 82 is welded with the leg of the T-shaped member projectingtowards the frame 16 and including an aperture 84 for pivotallyreceiving a pulley block 86 having a pulley 88 rotatably journaledtherein. A cable 90 is terminally connected to the upstanding member 56adjacent its upper end and passes over the pulley 88 and thencerearwardly over the guide pulley 60 and around the cable drum 42. Adjacent the lower or middle portion of the tool supporting member 66 iswelded a U-shaped member 92 having a pulley supporting block 94 pivotedbetween the legs of the U-shaped member 92 by a suitable pivot bolt 96and supporting a pulley 98 therein. A cable 100 is terminally secured tothe boom 52 adjacent its midpoint and passes over the pulley 98 andthence rearwardly through the boom and over guide pulleys 102 and 104journaled thereon and between the guide pulleys 62 and 64 and woundabout the cable drum 44. As shown in Figures and 6, suitable ballastweight 106 may be positioned in the tubular tool supporting member 66 toimpart an additional thrust or movement to the tool supporting member 66when the device is raised and dropped wherein the tool 78 is pushed intothe ground for breaking the frozen soil. Obviously, the amount of weightballast required may be determined for each individual job and ifdesirable, the tool supporting member 66 may be a solid cylinder asindicated by the numeral 108 in Figure 8 or as a polygonal solid member110 in Figure 9 or as a tubular polygonal member illustrated by thenumeral 112 in Figure 10. In each instance, the mode of operation of thedevice is the same.

The operation of the device will be readily understood. By manipulationof the winches 42 and 44, the tool supporting member 66 along with theboom 52 may be swung vertically upward and released thereby dropping theweighted tool member 66 causing the sharpened cutting tool 78 topenetrate the soil, cement or asphalt depending upon its specific use.By manipulation of the individual winches 42 and 44, the angularposition of the tubular tool support 66 may be changed and if necessary,the cable 100 will activate the tool supporting member 66 in the natureof a dragline operation wherein the soil or material is more efiicientlyloosened. The device of this invention may be attached to anyconventional machine having the usual boom and boom operating cables andwinches. It will be seen that this device may be constructed of anyreadily obtainable rugged materials thereby making the device relativelyinexpensive to manufacture and use.

The employment of this device in regions having climatic conditionswhich freezes the soil and where rock outcroppings are encountered inthe soil which is to be excavated has effectively reduced the timerequired for such excavation as well as reduced the amount of breakageof the regular excavation implements which are usually employed for thistype work.

From the foregoing, the construction and operation of the device will bereadily understood and further explanation is believed to beunnecessary. However, since numerous modifications and changes willreadily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limitthe invention to the exact construction shown and described, andaccordingly all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resortedto, falling within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed as new is as follows:

1. The combination with a machine having a boom, of an elongated toolsupporting member standing substantially upright and a penetrating toolmounted on said member adjacent its lower end, coupling means includinga pivot connecting said tool supporting member to said boom at a pointmaterially spaced from said tool, means for lifting said boom, toolsupporting member and tool to a height from which the tool, toolsupporting member and boom are released to fall by gravity, said toolsupporting member and tool falling in a direction which is longitudinalof said member to deliver an impact blow upon an underlying surface,means for pivoting the tool supporting member about said pivot andholding the tool supporting member in pivotally adjusted positionwhereby the angle of the tool with respect to said underlying surface isadjustable, the connection between said coupling means and said toolsupporting member being disposed substantially above the tool at thetime of impact whereby stresses resulting from said blow are transmittedsubstantially longitudinally of said member between said boom and toolsupporting member.

2. The device of claim 1 in which said tool supporting member issufficiently elongated and said coupling means is located at such adistance above the tool that said boom has a substantial upwardinclination at said time of impact.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,327,324 Hecker Jan. 6, 1920 2,029,363 Downie Feb. 4, 1936 2,148,171Paris Feb. 21, 1939 2,304,845 Pegno Dec. 15, 1942 2,653,769 Hall Sept.29, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 466,715 Canada July 18, 1950

